3D functional morphology
We apply different techniques to understand the complex three-dimensional morphology of arthropods: Synchrotron x-ray tomography (SR-µCT) allows non-invasive imaging of the internal morphology of small arthropods with a sub-micron resolution. Using such data, we can estimate bio-mechanical models to understand processes of miniaturization. To digitize the external 3D-morphology of insects including their natural colors and surface textures we have developed DISC3D (Darmstadt Insect Scanner), a novel system combining extended-depth-of-field with multi-view imaging. DISC3D is, in the meantime, also used for 3D-digitization of insect museum collections.
Chemical ecology
Chemical substances play a major role in species interactions. Allomones are chemicals that evolved for defense (usually against predators), and affect predator-prey dynamics. Some defensive substances may also be attractive to some predators, e.g., from cheese mites or even deliver chemical protection to the consumer (e.g., poison frogs). Nutritional quality strongly influences biochemical processes of an organism, and affects not only chemical defensive substances but also life history and morphology.
Why sex?
One of the major questions in biology is: Why do the vast majority of species reproduce by sexual processes (with mostly two sexes), accepting the costs of producing males? One group of animals, oribatid mites, has evolved several clades that abandoned sex and males – for hundreds of millions of years, and even diversified into distinct genetical and morphological species.
